ELIEZER BEN SAMUEL OF METZ
- ELIEZER BEN SAMUEL OF METZ
- ELIEZER BEN SAMUEL OF METZ (c. 1115–c. 1198), tosafist and
halakhic authority. Eliezer was a pupil of jacob tam (see
Sefer ha-Yashar, ed. by F. Rosenthal (1898), 128 n. 57), as
well as of samuel b. meir , and Ḥayyim Cohen of Paris. Among his
disciples were some of the greatest German rabbis, such as
eliezer b. joel ha-levi and eleazar b. judah of Worms,
author of the Roke'aḥ. He thus served as an intermediary
between the centers of study in France and those in Germany. Eliezer
obtained his livelihood by moneylending, and was in charge of the
distribution of charity. His daughters died during his lifetime. Little
else is known of him. Eliezer's most important work is his Sefer
Yere'im, written between 1171 and 1179, a work on the 613 precepts
according to the enumeration of the halakhot gedolot . It was
abridged by benjamin b. abraham anav , who divided it into 12
"Pillars," in which form it was published in Venice in 1566, and in many
later editions. The complete book (464 paragraphs) was published from a
Paris manuscript in Vilna (1892–1902) by Abraham Abba Schiff who added a
commentary entitled To'afot Re'em. Other commentaries have
also been written. Although essentially a halakhic work, Sefer
Yere'im includes ethical maxims and homilies on the true service
of God. Halakhic discussions are sometimes preceded by rhymed
introductions. The rulings of Sefer Yere'im as well as those
in Eliezer's commentaries on the Talmud were accepted as authoritative
by the rishonim. Eliezer is also an author of
tosafot and novellae. Mention is made of his commentary to
Berakhot, Shabbat, Zevaḥim, and Nedarim.
Ḥayyim Joseph David Azulai was in possession of a manuscript
by him on Ḥullin. Very few of his responsa have been
preserved.
-BIBLIOGRAPHY:
Gross, in: MGWJ, 34 (1885), 506f.; V. Aptowitzer,
Mavo le-Sefer Ravyah (1938), 246f., 312–5; H. Tchernowitz,
Toledot ha-Posekim, 2 (1947), 78–87; M. Reich, in: Sinai
Sefer Yovel (1958), 356–72; Urbach, Tosafot, 132–40.
(Israel Moses Ta-Shma)
Encyclopedia Judaica.
1971.
Look at other dictionaries:
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